Research sourcePublished 1898
The distinction between the Australian deity, at his highest power, unpropitiated by sacrifice, and the ordinary, waning, easily forgotten, cheaply propitiated ghost of a tribesman, is essential
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A ghost is said, by anthropologists, to have developed into a god
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Adam is the mythical first ancestor of the Hebrews, but he died, [Greek: uper moron], and was not worshipped
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Now, ghost-worship and dead ancestor-worship are impossible before the ancestor is dead and is a ghost
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It is part of my theory that the more popular ghost-worship of souls of people whom men have loved, invaded the possibly older religion of the Supreme Father
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They are, like the easy Epicurean Gods, nihil indiga nostri
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Deities of the higher sort, by the very nature of savage reflections on death and on its non-original casual character, are prior, or may be prior, or cannot be shown not to be prior, to the ghost theory--the alleged origin of religion
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s impossible to point out any method by which low, chiefless, non-polytheistic, non-metaphysical savages (if any such there be) evolved out of ghosts the eternal beings who made the world, and watch over morality: as the people themselves unanimously distingui
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It may be retorted that this makes no real difference
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For long these natives were the joy of emancipated inquirers as the 'godless Andamanese.' They only supply Mr
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This distinction, ghost on one side--original being, not a man, not a ghost of a man, on the other--is radical and nearly universal in savage religion
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Mana is the uncanny, is X, the unknown
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er-images; that the soul is the complex of all of these nunuai; that there is in the universe a kind of magical other, called mana, possessed, in different proportions, by different men, Vui, tamate, and material objects, and that the atai or ataro of a man de
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The Supreme Being, if we can apply the term to him, is Ndengei, or Degei, 'who seems to be an impersonation of the abstract idea of eternal existence.' This idea is not easily developed out of the conception of a human soul which has died into a ghost and may
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The idea of primeval Eternal Beings, as understood by savages, does not depend on, or require, the ghost theory
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Im Thurn, however, dilates on the dream origin of the ghost theory, giving examples from his own knowledge of the difficulty with which Guiana Indians discern the hallucinations of dreams from the facts of waking life
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These considerations, however unpleasant to the devotees of Animism, or the ghost theory, are not, in themselves, illogical, nor contradictory of the theory of evolution, which, on the other hand, fits them perfectly well
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Beyond all doubt, savages who find themselves under the watchful eye of a moral deity whom they cannot 'square' will desert him as soon as they have evolved a practicable ghost-god, useful for family purposes, whom they can square
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Lejean says these peoples are so practical and utilitarian that missionary religion takes no hold on them
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Of ancestor worship and ghost worship, we have abundant evidence
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David Clement Scott, has published 'A Cyclopaedic Dictionary of the Mang'anja Language in British Central Africa.'[13] Looking at ancestral spirits first, we find Mzimu, 'spirits of the departed, supposed to come in dreams.' Though abiding in the spirit world,
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lly is, he writes: 'The belief in one great Supreme Being, who made and upholds all things, is universal.'[17] The names of the being are translated 'Maker,' 'Preserver,' 'Benefactor,' 'Great Friend.' Though compact of all good qualities, the being has allowed
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Then, of course, Nyankupon would receive the best sacrifices of all, as the most powerful deity?
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But that magistrate can be, and is, appeased by sacrifices, which it would be impious, or, at all events, useless, to offer to the Supreme Being, Ahone
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It is notable that in this religion we hear nothing of ancestor-worship; all that is stated as to ghosts has been reported
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As to spirits, the Blackfeet believe in, or at least tell stories of, ghosts, which conduct themselves much as in our old-fashioned ghost stories
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He therefore banished the Prince to Chita, and made him serve as shepherd of the llamas of the Sun
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Christoval's form of the story is peculiarly gratifying in one way
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Christoval, it will be remarked, says that 'Chanca-Uiracocha was a huaca (sacred place) in Chuqui-chaca.'[32] Now Chuqui-chaca is the very place where, according to Garcilasso, the Inca Uiracocha erected a temple to 'his Uncle, the Apparition.'[33] Uiracocha,
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Thomson has clearly no bias in favour of a God like our own, known to savages, and not derived from ghost-worship
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Finally, as has been said before, granting my opinion that there are two streams of religious thought, one rising in the conception of an undifferentiated Being, eternal, moral, and creative, the other rising in the ghost-doctrine, it stands to reason that the
Read record →Research sourcePublished 1897
They are often extraordinarily complete; and the fact that many of them are reported as veridical, that is, as coinciding with real events, such as accidents, deaths, etc., of the persons seen, is an additional complication of the phenomenon." {0b} A ghost, if
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perhaps for the first time offered with a critical discussion of their historical sources; lastly, because the old legends seem to show how the fancy of periods less critical than ours dealt with such facts as are now reported in a dull undramatic manner
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Again, the phenomena occurring in "haunted houses" (whether caused, or not, by imposture or hallucination, or both) were easily magnified into such legends as that of Grettir and Glam, and into the monstrosities of the witch trials
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As anthropology becomes popular, every inquirer knows what customs he ought to find among savages, so, of course, he finds them
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If there be truth in even one case of "telepathy," it will follow that the human soul is a thing endowed with attributes not yet recognised by science
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While this book passed through the press, a long correspondence called "On the Trail of a Ghost" appeared in The Times
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Begin with "Great Swingeing Falsehoods"
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When these are once got down by the populace, anything may follow without difficulty
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Now, the ghostly is nothing but the experience, when men are awake, or apparently awake, of the every-night phenomena of dreaming
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Mark was smoking his cigar outside the door of his house when he saw a man, a stranger, approaching him
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This theory, that apparitions come in an infinitesimal moment of sleep, while a man is conscious of his surroundings and believes himself to be awake was the current explanation of ghosts in the eighteenth century
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Dreams only form subjects of good dream-stories when the vision coincides with and adequately represents an unknown event in the past, the present, or the future
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And thus either mere empty fancies (as in the case of the lost securities) or actual knowledge which we may have once possessed but have totally forgotten, or conclusions which have passed through our brains as unheeded guesses, may in a dream be, as it were,
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Rutherford awoke in the morning with all the words of the vision imprinted on his mind, and thought it worth while to walk across the country to Inveresk instead of going straight to Edinburgh
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ment, which debt, unknown to the son, the father had paid, whereupon the man began to be very sorrowful, and to marvel that his father while dying did not tell him what he owed when he also made his will
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"I knew it," said the invalid, "for I heard it said in that place whence I have returned that not I, Curma of the Curia, but Curma the smith, was wanted." But Curma of the Curia saw living as well as dead people, among others Augustine, who, in his vision, bap
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Most of us know this feeling, all the circumstances in which we find ourselves have already occurred, we have a prophecy of what will happen next "on the tip of our tongues" (like a half-remembered name), and then the impression vanishes
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