Archive case recordApproximately 1600 BCE · Nebra, Saxony-Anhalt
The Nebra hoard associated with the Sky Disc included bronze swords, axes and other objects that helped establish a Bronze Age archaeological context for the disc. Because the hoard was found by metal detectorists without a controlled excavation and entered th
Read record →Archive case record1663 journey; published 1700 · Scandinavia and northern Norway, including the North Cape region
Francesco Negri, an Italian priest and traveler, described a journey through Scandinavia to the far north in a work published as Viaggio settentrionale. His observations concern climate, travel, local communities, clothing, religion, and northern environmental
Read record →Archive case record1778 · Tahiti and the Society Islands
Johann Reinhold Forster’s Observations Made during a Voyage round the World, based on Cook’s second voyage, includes discussions of Tahitian religion, social customs, oral traditions and ideas about the natural world. It is an identifiable early attempt to org
Read record →Archive case record1850s; later searches and collecting · King William Island, Nunavut, Canada
Starvation Cove and nearby King William Island sites became central to nineteenth-century accounts of the Franklin expedition’s final retreat, with bones, clothing, boats and other objects reported by searchers and Inuit informants. Later writers sometimes tra
Read record →Archive case recordRecorded in the 17th century from earlier Muisca traditions · Bogotá savanna and Tequendama Falls
Muisca traditions recorded by chroniclers describe the Bogotá plain being inundated, commonly through the actions of the flood-associated figure Chibchacum. Bochica then arrives, opens the Tequendama gorge with his staff, and drains the waters, while later mor
Read record →Archive case record1878 · Congo Basin and east-central Africa
Henry Morton Stanley’s Through the Dark Continent recounts his 1874–1877 expedition and includes descriptions of communities, rulers, local reports, religious practices, geographical beliefs, and stories encountered along the Congo route. The book matters for
Read record →Archive case record2010 onward · Indian universities and meditation centres
Indian research groups have published neuroimaging and electrophysiological work on meditation, including attention, self-referential processing and default-mode-network activity. These studies are useful for comparing reported self-boundary changes, absorptio
Read record →Archive case recordc. 6th–7th century CE · Neungsan-ri, near Buyeo
Discovered in 1993 at the Neungsan-ri temple site, this gilt-bronze incense burner depicts a mountain-shaped lid populated by animals, musicians, and fantastic beings. Its intricate imagery has encouraged broad claims about shamanism, Daoism, Buddhism, and ima
Read record →Archive case record1996–2009 · Fall River, Massachusetts
The Fall River residence associated with the 1892 murders of Andrew and Abby Borden reopened as the Lizzie Borden Bed and Breakfast in 1996 and subsequently hosted guests, tours, and paranormal investigations. Reports have included footsteps, voices, apparitio
Read record →Archive case record1974 murders; alleged haunting 1975–1976; authenticity disputed · Amityville, New York
After Ronald DeFeo Jr. murdered six members of his family at 112 Ocean Avenue in 1974, George and Kathy Lutz claimed that their brief residence there in 1975–1976 involved apparitions, odors, physical disturbances, and other phenomena. Jay Anson’s 1977 book, T
Read record →Archive case recordLate 20th century–present; reports are not consistently dated · Elmina, Central Region
Elmina Castle, founded by the Portuguese in 1482 and later used in the Atlantic slave trade, has accumulated stories of ghostly sounds, oppressive sensations and apparitions in rooms and underground spaces. These reports circulate through visitor narratives, g
Read record →Archive case record1958 · Antarctica
Soviet Antarctic activity in the late 1950s, including scientific and logistical work associated with the International Geophysical Year, supplied real expeditionary settings later reused by occult and conspiracy writers. Such writers sometimes connected Antar
Read record →Archive case record2010 onward · Haiti and United States diaspora
Mambo Chita Tann is a named contemporary Vodou priestess and author whose work documents ritual practice, initiatory authority, lwa relationships, healing, and diaspora transmission. Her publications and community activities provide a traceable lead for studyi
Read record →Archive case recordFourth–sixth century CE compilations · Egyptian monastic communities
The Greek and later Latin collections known as the Sayings of the Desert Fathers preserve brief stories in which monks receive warnings, visions, or revelations concerning dying brethren and the fate of souls. Individual sayings are difficult to isolate becaus
Read record →Archive case record19th century–present; 1996 massacre · Port Arthur, Tasmania
Port Arthur was a major penal settlement, and later visitors, guides, and popular accounts associated buildings such as the Separate Prison, church, and Isle of the Dead with apparitions and unusual sensations. The site also carries the traumatic memory of the
Read record →Archive case recordreceived form compiled across the late Han and later periods · China
The Taiping jing, or Scripture of Great Peace, is a Daoist corpus concerned with cosmic order, bodily cultivation, ritual governance, morality, and political renewal. It is often linked with the late Han period, but the received text is composite and survives
Read record →Archive case record1835 · New York City and other U.S. newspaper markets
The Great Moon Hoax was a series of six New York Sun articles claiming that astronomer John Herschel had discovered lunar animals, vegetation, temples, and other wonders. It is a useful comparison case for studying how sky imagery, sensational print, and purpo
Read record →Archive case record1830s–1840s · Himalayan borderlands associated with British Nepalese scholarship
Brian Houghton Hodgson’s nineteenth-century writings on Nepal and Himalayan peoples are sometimes cited in later discussions of wild men or unidentified hairy inhabitants. The lead is useful for examining how colonial ethnography, local testimony and natural-h
Read record →Archive case record31 October 1992 · Northolt, London, England; fictional setting presented as a live investigation
BBC1 broadcast Ghostwatch on Halloween 1992 as a fictional television drama framed to resemble a live paranormal investigation of a supposedly haunted Northolt home. Many viewers reportedly mistook parts of the program for an actual broadcast investigation, pr
Read record →Archive case record1993 English translation · Damascus, Andalusia and wider Ibn Arabi reception
Michel Chodkiewicz’s English-language publication of The Seal of the Saints made a major study of Ibn al-‘Arabi’s doctrines of sainthood and spiritual authority more accessible during the target period. It is relevant to research on esoteric hierarchy, initiat
Read record →Archive case record2010 onward scholarship · Indian Buddhist textual tradition
Studies of Indian Buddhist Abhidharma and related sources discuss sleep, dreams, mental events and the reliability of cognition. This material helps compare classical analyses of dream consciousness with contemporary debates about predictive processing, lucid
Read record →Archive case record1990s–2000s studies · Hatra, northern Mesopotamia
Hatra’s temples and sculpture preserve a distinctive religious and artistic environment in northern Mesopotamia during the Parthian period. Studies during the requested period examined divine images, inscriptions, architectural programs, and possible astral as
Read record →Archive case record1872–1910; nineteenth-century installments · Peru, especially Lima and colonial Peru
Ricardo Palma’s Tradiciones peruanas, begun in the 1870s, reshapes colonial anecdotes, religious marvels, popular legends, and local historical memories into short literary traditions. Its stories can supply comparison points for fire signs, celestial portents
Read record →Archive case record1988–1989 · El Cajas, near Cuenca, Azuay
Patricia Talbot reported Marian apparitions at El Cajas near Cuenca beginning in 1988, with messages and later accounts describing healings, pilgrimage, and a distinctive devotional title. The events became prominent in Ecuadorian Catholic circles and are freq
Read record →Archive case record1970s–1980s · Zambia, especially rivers and lakes of the Zambezi basin
Mukwa is listed in some African cryptid and folklore compilations as a purported aquatic creature associated with Zambia. Descriptions are inconsistent, ranging from a serpent-like water animal to a generalized “lake monster,” making it useful for studying cla
Read record →Archive case recordCompiled late 13th century; modern translations and studies 2010 onward · Korea
Il연’s Samguk Yusa combines dynastic history, Buddhist foundation stories, saints’ biographies, shrine traditions and accounts of relics or supernatural signs. It is a productive comparison case because its genre is neither a modern report nor a purely doctrina
Read record →Archive case record1951–1954 · Kelantan
Excavations at Gua Cha in the 1950s documented burials, stone tools, shell ornaments and other evidence of prehistoric occupation in the Malay Peninsula. The site was subsequently used in discussions of Hoabinhian technology, hunter-gatherer lifeways and possi
Read record →Archive case record1829–1832 · Rajasthan
James Tod’s Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan records Rajput historical traditions, bardic narratives, sacred sites and accounts involving heroic dead, spirits and supernaturalized episodes. Although published before the later nineteenth century, it remained
Read record →Archive case recordTemple tradition of uncertain antiquity; major modern expansion and documentation · Ahmednagar district, Maharashtra
Shani Shingnapur is a village and temple landscape associated with Shani, the Hindu planetary deity, and a famous tradition that homes historically lacked conventional doors because theft was believed to invite divine punishment. The practice, its extent and i
Read record →Archive case recordWritten by Athanasius around 357–362 CE · Egyptian desert; composed in Alexandria
Athanasius’s Life of Antony portrays the Egyptian monk Antony confronting demons, deceptive visions, voices, and bodily assaults during solitary ascetic practice. The work became a major model for later Christian demonology, monastic literature, and visual art
Read record →Archive case record2010 onward folklore and colonial-history research · Australia, especially southeastern Australia
The bunyip is an Australian legendary water being documented in colonial newspapers, ethnographic writing and Aboriginal traditions, although its form and meaning vary considerably. Some nineteenth-century writers attempted to identify it with a real animal, w
Read record →Archive case record1890s · Manila and the Philippines
Spiritism influenced educated and religious circles in the late nineteenth-century Philippines, producing séances, mediumistic practices, translations and debates about Catholicism, science and the afterlife. The movement offers a clear comparison with Europea
Read record →Archive case recordSixth century CE · Gaul
Gregory of Tours preserves stories of bishops and saints appearing after death, often to correct wrongdoing, protect a church, or disclose the sanctity of a relic. Germanus of Auxerre and other episcopal figures appear across late antique and Merovingian mirac
Read record →Archive case record2010 onward; major scholarship and media circulation · Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico, and Mexican diaspora communities
Jesús Malverde is a Mexican folk saint associated especially with Sinaloa, where shrines and devotional practices connect him variously with the poor, migrants, luck and drug-trafficking imagery. Contemporary scholarship and media after 2010 continued debating
Read record →Archive case recordCanonical material with layers from the late centuries BCE to early centuries CE · Sri Lanka and wider Theravada Buddhist world
The Petavatthu consists of verses about petas, beings suffering after death because of ethically significant past actions. Several narratives frame encounters between living people and these dead or quasi-dead beings, often resolved through gifts, merit transf
Read record →Archive case record2010 onward · Dewa Sanzan and other Japanese sacred mountains
Contemporary Shugendō communities and yamabushi practitioners have received renewed scholarly attention, particularly around pilgrimage, austerity, ritual embodiment, sacred landscapes, and postwar religious revitalization. Dewa Sanzan in Yamagata is a particu
Read record →Archive case record2010 onward criminology, journalism, and folklore research · South Africa, especially Limpopo and KwaZulu-Natal
Stories about “muti murders” sometimes attach supernatural power, ritual danger, or haunting reputations to forests, rivers, houses, and alleged crime scenes. Contemporary scholarship generally examines these narratives as combinations of real violence, rumor,
Read record →Archive case record2010 onward · Batu Gajah, Perak, Malaysia
Kellie’s Castle, an unfinished colonial mansion in Perak, has generated visitor accounts, paranormal-investigation photographs, and reports of apparitions or unexplained figures. The site’s documented construction history and abandoned architecture make it a u
Read record →Archive case record2017 · Ishinomaki and coastal Tōhoku
Richard Lloyd Parry’s book documents stories from communities affected by the 2011 Great East Japan earthquake and tsunami, including bereaved people who reported seeing, hearing, or otherwise encountering the dead. It is useful for comparing contemporary Japa
Read record →Archive case record1882–1894 · United Kingdom and international correspondents
The Society for Psychical Research, founded in London in 1882, organized investigations into apparitions, telepathy, mediums, and related claims. Its Census of Hallucinations gathered reports of waking experiences involving absent or deceased persons, later pu
Read record →Archive case record1947–1969 · Ethiopia, especially Addis Ababa and Ethiopian Orthodox scholarly circles
The Ethiopic transmission of 1 Enoch remained central to modern study of a Jewish apocalyptic work preserved most fully in Ge’ez. During this period, Ethiopian manuscripts, church traditions, and expanding academic access supported comparisons among Ethiopic,
Read record →Archive case record1861 · Gabon and western equatorial forest
Paul du Chaillu’s Explorations and Adventures in Equatorial Africa helped popularize European knowledge of the gorilla through descriptions of tracks, nests, hunting signs, and encounters in Gabon. Before and during the book’s reception, European audiences tre
Read record →Archive case record2010s–2020s · Nunavut, Canada
Nunavut-based educational and research materials document Inuit observations and interpretations of aurorae alongside atmospheric science. Such work may include elders’ accounts, local vocabulary, warnings, seasonal knowledge and explanations of auroral behavi
Read record →Archive case record1970s–1980s collection period · Palestinian communities and refugee camps in the Middle East
Palestinian refugees preserved stories, songs, place legends, family genealogies, and accounts of the 1948 Nakba, many of which were collected or published during the 1970s and 1980s. These materials are valuable for comparing oral tradition, political memory,
Read record →Archive case record1874 · Nicaragua, especially the eastern and central regions
Thomas Belt’s 1874 natural-history book includes observations on Nicaraguan landscapes, Indigenous and local traditions, and explanations of unusual natural phenomena. It is a useful comparison lead because nineteenth-century travelers often placed luminous fi
Read record →Archive case record1970s–1980s reassessments · Minas Gerais
The Lagoa Santa region contains nineteenth-century and later archaeological collections of human remains that became important to twentieth-century debates about the biological history and antiquity of South American populations. During the 1970s and 1980s, re
Read record →Archive case record1970s–1980s documentation · Kuwait and the northern Persian Gulf
Kuwaiti maritime folklore preserves stories associated with pearl diving, dangerous waters, shipwrecks, sea spirits, and encounters with uncanny beings. Cultural documentation in the oil-era period provides a basis for comparing occupational danger, remembered
Read record →Archive case record1970s–1980s apparition tradition · Washington, D.C.
The Octagon House in Washington, D.C., a historic residence associated with the Tayloe family and early national history, has long circulated stories of apparitions and unexplained phenomena. By the late twentieth century, the house’s public-museum setting sup
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