Archive case record2012 onward · Japan, especially Tōhoku
A substantial post-2011 research field examines how Japanese new religions, Buddhist groups, Shinto institutions, and volunteer networks responded to the earthquake and tsunami. Relevant materials include memorial services, healing practices, dreams, spirit na
Read record →Archive case record1572–1574 and later astrological reception · Denmark, especially Hven and Copenhagen
Tycho Brahe’s observations of the new star of 1572 were embedded in a period when celestial phenomena carried astrological and political significance. His De nova stella addressed the object’s astronomical status while also engaging questions about terrestrial
Read record →Archive case record22 December 1870 · North Africa
A total solar eclipse occurred on 22 December 1870, with the path of totality crossing North Africa and nearby Mediterranean regions. Contemporary expeditions and observatories recorded the eclipse, weather conditions, corona, shadow effects, and observational
Read record →Archive case record1885 · Adyar and other Indian locations
The Society for Psychical Research’s 1885 committee report, chiefly associated with Richard Hodgson, examined claims surrounding Helena Blavatsky, the Mahatmas and alleged occult manifestations linked to the Theosophical Society. It is identifiable as a docume
Read record →Archive case recordLong-standing Tulu ritual tradition; contemporary practice documented ethnographically · Coastal Karnataka, especially Dakshina Kannada and Udupi
Bhoota Kola is a Tulu ritual tradition in which performers embody or represent local spirits and deities, receive offerings, and may act as oracles or adjudicators within village communities. Particular spirits, shrines, costumes and performance lineages are i
Read record →Archive case recordGreek texts late antique; Latin translation by Marsilio Ficino, 1463 · Alexandria and the eastern Mediterranean; Renaissance Florence
The Corpus Hermeticum is a collection of Greek theological and cosmological dialogues attributed pseudonymously to Hermes Trismegistus. Its late antique ideas about divine mind, ascent, rebirth, and cosmic sympathy became central to Renaissance esotericism aft
Read record →Archive case record1910 · Danish waters and coastal Denmark
Reports of unidentified or alleged airships appeared in Denmark during a period of European concern about reconnaissance and naval vulnerability. The lead is useful for comparing civilian sightings with military expectations in a maritime setting, particularly
Read record →Archive case record1990–2009 historical studies · Cardiff, New York
The Cardiff Giant, a nineteenth-century carved statue presented as a petrified ancient giant, was exposed as a fraud soon after its public display, yet historical studies continued to use it as a case of religious expectation, commercial entertainment and weak
Read record →Archive case record2010s–present · Colaba, Mumbai, Maharashtra
The abandoned Mukesh Mills compound has been a recurring subject of Indian television, film-industry anecdotes, online paranormal investigations and urban-exploration reporting. Stories often concern actors, crews or security personnel who experienced unease,
Read record →Archive case record2015–2020 · Lake Sapanca, Sakarya Province
Lake Sapanca has been the subject of Turkish media stories about a large unidentified animal reportedly seen by residents, fishermen, or visitors. The case is potentially valuable for studying how a densely settled recreational lake produces and circulates cry
Read record →Archive case recordLong-duration tradition; recorded in nineteenth- and twentieth-century ethnographies · Lesotho, Botswana and adjacent South African regions
Sotho-Tswana concepts of boloi and baloi include accounts of witches acting through animals, traveling at night or assuming animal-like forms, although the exact species and mechanics differ among communities. This lead matters because it provides a comparativ
Read record →Archive case record20 August 1954 · Antananarivo, Madagascar
On 20 August 1954, residents of Antananarivo reported a luminous object or objects moving over the city, generating a substantial local rumor and press episode. Accounts described a greenish or reddish light and unusual motion, though translations and later su
Read record →Archive case recordChinese-influenced records from antiquity; Japanese literary and folkloric development through the medieval period · Japan
Kitsune traditions describe foxes that gain powers with age, create illusions and sometimes transform into human beings, especially women. Buddhist, Shinto, courtly, village and popular literary sources give the figure different moral and religious meanings, r
Read record →Archive case record1980s–1990s, especially 1995 · Zanzibar, Tanzania
Popobawa is a Zanzibar-based account of a malevolent night visitor, widely discussed in connection with island-wide panics during the 1980s and especially 1995. Reports commonly describe nocturnal attacks, a shape-shifting or bat-associated figure, and warning
Read record →Archive case recordReassessment and dating work in the 1970s–1980s · Trinil, East Java
The 1891 Trinil discoveries of Java Man remained important in late twentieth-century debates over Homo erectus, dispersal, and the antiquity of occupation in Southeast Asia. Researchers in the 1970s and 1980s reassessed the geological context, associated fauna
Read record →Archive case record1920s–1946 printed accounts · Himalayan India; Ranchi and Kolkata networks
The Kriya Yoga tradition associated with Lahiri Mahasaya, Sri Yukteswar, and Yogananda describes Babaji as an exceptionally long-lived or deathless Himalayan master who mediates a sacred transmission. The tradition matters because the figure occupies a borderl
Read record →Archive case record1769–1771 publication; voyage 1766–1769 · Tahiti and the Society Islands
Bougainville’s published account of his voyage includes observations from Tahiti and other Society Islands, covering local customs and unfamiliar birds encountered by the expedition. It is useful for comparing the boundary between zoological description and tr
Read record →Archive case record1997 · Jakarta, Java
Indonesian paranormal and UFO publications reported late-1990s Jakarta-area sightings of unusual lights or craft, with some accounts interpreted as involving extraterrestrial beings. These reports may be useful for examining how Indonesian media combined UFO t
Read record →Archive case recordc. 2nd–1st century BCE · Antikythera shipwreck, off Crete
The Antikythera Mechanism is a corroded bronze geared device recovered from a shipwreck in 1901 and reconstructed through radiography and computed tomography. Its inscriptions and gear trains indicate sophisticated astronomical calendrical functions, probably
Read record →Archive case record1878–1879 · Amherst, Nova Scotia
Esther Cox was at the center of a widely publicized Canadian disturbance involving alleged knocks, thrown objects, fires, and messages. The case was reported by visitors and journalists and later popularized in Walter Hubbell’s The Great Amherst Mystery. It ma
Read record →Archive case recordApril 1897 · Lake Elmo, Minnesota
A widely circulated account from Lake Elmo, Minnesota, during the 1897 airship wave described an apparent craft and alleged encounter with an occupant or crew. The report is relevant to comparison because it combines rural observation, technology-themed folklo
Read record →Archive case record1997–2000 · Llanquihue Province, southern Chile
Although outside the United States, Monte Verde strongly affected North American archaeology when an international review in 1997 accepted the site’s late-Pleistocene cultural evidence. Its preservation of structural remains, organic materials, lithics, and da
Read record →Archive case recordExcavations and reports in the 1920s · Ohio River near Brookport, Illinois
The Kincaid site is a genuine Mississippian mound center in Illinois, but popular and occult-oriented accounts have attached stories of hidden caves, Egyptian artifacts, and lost Old World visitors to it. Archaeological work documents substantial Indigenous ar
Read record →Archive case recordThird century CE; biography composed c. 301 CE · Rome and the eastern Mediterranean
Porphyry’s Life of Plotinus reports that Plotinus experienced union with the transcendent principle several times during his life, presenting the episode within a Neoplatonic philosophical biography. This is useful for comparing contemplative absorption, ineff
Read record →Archive case record2012–2023 · Tam Pà Ling Cave, Houaphanh Province
Human cranial and postcranial remains from Tam Pà Ling Cave have been used to argue for an early presence of Homo sapiens in mainland Southeast Asia, with later work refining the site’s chronology and depositional history. The lead is useful for comparing disp
Read record →Archive case record1870s–1890s · Multiple sub-Saharan African regions
The Journal of the Anthropological Institute published nineteenth-century papers based on African travel, missionary and administrative testimony, including discussions of ancestor worship, ghosts, witchcraft, dreams and funerary practice. It is a promising do
Read record →Archive case record2014–2015 · Soshanguve, Pretoria, Gauteng
Penuel Mnguni, leader of End Times Disciples Ministries, became internationally known after reports that congregants were encouraged to handle or consume live animals and other unusual substances. The episodes were presented by supporters as demonstrations of
Read record →Archive case recordLate antique community; prominent in sources from the 9th–11th centuries · Ḥarrān, northern Mesopotamia
The residents of Ḥarrān became known in Islamic sources as Ṣābians and were associated with astral rites, planetary deities, and Hermetic learning. Some Harranian intellectuals, including Thābit ibn Qurra, participated in Abbasid scholarly life, while later wr
Read record →Archive case recordPublicly announced in 1965; authenticity disputed · Yale University, New Haven; map depicts North Atlantic geography
The Vinland Map is a world map that appears to show a separate North American landmass and has been linked to medieval Scandinavian exploration. After its 1965 publication, scholars debated its relation to genuine medieval maps and to the Norse Vinland narrati
Read record →Archive case record1980s · Frankfurt and Germany
German psychologist Paul Tholey published influential work on lucid dreaming during the 1980s, examining awareness, dream control, perspective, and the structure of dream experience. His research is useful for comparison with out-of-body experiences, sensed pr
Read record →Archive case record1860s–1881 · Parihaka, Taranaki, New Zealand
Te Whiti o Rongomai and Tohu Kākahi led the Parihaka community through a movement grounded in prophecy, Christian and Māori religious concepts, nonviolent resistance, and expectations of eventual justice and restoration. The community’s 1881 invasion and mass
Read record →Archive case recordLong-duration tradition; documented in nineteenth- and twentieth-century ethnographic sources · Eastern Cape and Xhosa-speaking regions
Xhosa discussions of abathakathi and witchcraft include narratives in which occult practitioners work through animals, nocturnal agencies or altered forms. Individual accounts differ over whether the animal is a familiar, disguise, manifestation or metaphor fo
Read record →Archive case recordMid-century reports and folklore documentation, 1947–1969 · Kīlauea and other volcanic areas, Hawaiʻi
Reports of Pele appearing as an elderly woman, beautiful woman, or roadside stranger form part of Hawaiian religious and folkloric traditions associated with Kīlauea. Mid-century travel writing, park literature, newspapers, and folklore studies may preserve sp
Read record →Archive case recordLate antique Jewish texts, approximately 3rd–8th centuries CE, with later witnesses · Palestine and Babylonia
Hekhalot and Merkabah texts describe visionary ascent through heavenly palaces, angelic guardians, divine names, seals, and techniques associated with mystical knowledge. They are central for comparing spirit communication, heavenly travel, ritual speech, and
Read record →Archive case recordBook 1944; in-period reception 1947–1969 · Brazil
Nosso Lar, attributed to André Luiz through Francisco Cândido Xavier, describes a large postmortem settlement organized around work, healing, education, and spiritual administration. Although the book predates 1947, its continuing Brazilian circulation during
Read record →Archive case record1897 · New Zealand; localities vary by newspaper item
New Zealand newspapers reported or discussed the 1897 mystery-airship phenomenon, making the episode relevant to comparisons between imported narratives and local observation. The country’s newspaper network, represented in the Papers Past archive, allows rese
Read record →Archive case record1970s–1980s publications · Australia
The Rainbow Serpent is a name used for related but not identical ancestral traditions documented across several Aboriginal Australian communities. Late twentieth-century studies of rock art, ritual, land and oral tradition offer material for comparing visionar
Read record →Archive case record1990–2009 modern editions and scholarship; ancient composite text · Ethiopia, especially Ge’ez manuscript and Ethiopian Orthodox contexts
The Ethiopic Book of Enoch preserves a major apocalyptic corpus containing heavenly journeys, angelic revelations, judgment scenes, calendrical knowledge, and explanations of cosmic disorder. Its underlying materials are ancient and composite, while the comple
Read record →Archive case recordplant management by the early Holocene; agricultural features later · Western Highlands
Kuk is a wetland archaeological site associated with ancient drainage ditches, planting surfaces, and evidence relevant to plant management in the highlands of New Guinea. It is frequently discussed in histories of independent agricultural development and the
Read record →Archive case record1970s–1980s · Justice and Archer Avenue, Illinois
Resurrection Mary is a Chicago-area roadside apparition tradition involving a young woman said to appear near Archer Avenue and Resurrection Cemetery. Reports circulated for decades and continued prominently during the target period, with alleged encounters by
Read record →Archive case recordNineteenth-century local gazetteer tradition · Mountainous Hubei and Sichuan, China
Late Qing local gazetteers and anecdotal writings contain notices about mountain “wild men,” hairy humanoids or forest beings, material later cited in discussions of the Chinese yeren. These records are relevant because they show how a modern cryptid dossier m
Read record →Archive case record1921–1924 · Mianchi County, Henan
Johan Gunnar Andersson’s 1921 work at Yangshao Village helped establish a named Neolithic archaeological tradition in central China, recognized through painted pottery, village deposits, and associated stone tools. Early interpretations linked the assemblage t
Read record →Archive case record1990s–2000s ethnographic documentation · Cairo and Upper Egypt
Egyptian zār ceremonies documented in ethnographic and musical research provide an identifiable lead concerning spirit affliction, drumming, sacrifice, women’s ritual networks, and therapeutic interpretation. Cairo-based practices and Upper Egyptian forms have
Read record →Archive case recordDecember 1978 · Kaikoura and Cook Strait, South Island
A series of sightings during December 1978 involved crew aboard a Safe Air freight aircraft, ground observers, radar operators and television personnel. Bright lights were reported near the aircraft, and film footage was recorded during a TVNZ-associated fligh
Read record →Archive case record1920s–1940s · Puerto Rico
Rafael Ramírez de Arellano was a significant Puerto Rican collector and writer on legends, customs and popular belief during the first half of the twentieth century. His work offers identifiable material for tracing island versions of apparitions, enchanted pl
Read record →Archive case record2014–2015 · Off the eastern United States coast
A series of reported Navy encounters during training deployments involving the Theodore Roosevelt Carrier Strike Group became public through later interviews, reporting, and released video. Accounts described radar tracks, visual observations, and objects with
Read record →Archive case record1955–1969 · San Lorenzo and La Venta, Veracruz and Tabasco
The movement and placement of Olmec colossal heads remained a prominent archaeological puzzle during mid-century research. Their basalt was quarried far from several display locations, raising questions about transport, labor organization and political authori
Read record →Archive case record1961 · Northern Rhodesia, now Zambia
C. M. N. White’s study of the Bemba witchdoctor is a specific route into accounts in which illness, misfortune, dreams, spirits and suspected witchcraft are interpreted through a ritual specialist. It may help compare testimony that modern readers label a haun
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