The Toronto psychokinesis table experiments

Record summary

The Toronto group’s séances involving the invented figure Philip included table movements, raps and alleged changes in table behavior under different conditions. Reports were presented in parapsychological literature and later popular accounts as an experiment in collective séance phenomena. This lead is valuable for comparing ostensibly instrumented claims with spontaneous ghost reports, especially around controls, expectation and group behavior. Researchers should identify the original experimenters, protocols and recording practices, and should not equate reported table movement with apparition evidence or survival evidence.