The Speculum Regale (King’s Mirror) on Greenland and the Northern Ocean
- Date of account
- 13th century Norwegian text; copied in later manuscripts
- Location
- Greenland, Iceland, northern ocean, sea ice
- Source
- model_recalled_reference
- Record updated
- 2026-10-10
Record summary
The Norwegian King’s Mirror is a didactic dialogue containing questions about Greenland, sea conditions, ice, whales, remote coasts, and the behavior expected of merchants and seafarers. Though not apocryphal, it is valuable for comparison because practical northern maritime knowledge appears alongside moral and Christian instruction. Some descriptions may preserve genuine experience, while others reflect literary convention or secondhand information. The text does not establish supernatural events or an Antarctic counterpart. Its date, compilation history, and relationship to actual Greenland travel should be assessed through philological and historical scholarship.
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